Tibetan Cultural Heritage: Manai Gorchom Circle Dance Protection, Inheritance
In the movie "The Manai’s Bride", there was a scene in which a woman in a red-and-white-striped cloak and robe danced with a man in a white hat and yellow pants. Both of them keeping a certain distance away from each other, with the man in the front and the woman at the back, singing and dancing face to face. This is the Manai Gorchom, also dubbed the "living fossil" of Chinese circle dance.
Manai, located in Ngapa Tibetan-Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of southwest China’s Sichuan Province, is a small town in Gyarong Tibetan-inhabited area. The dance is known as the court dance of the ancient Dongnv State, a local kingdom that existed from.6 to.7 A.D in east Tibet’s Chamdo Prefecture. Thus the Ministry of Culture named Manai a Chinese folk art township.
The Manai Gorchom circle dance possesses profound ethnic Tibetan cultural elements. It is originated from the story that a legendary folk hero Amig celebrated his victory by performing this dance after successfully defeated the monsters in winter. This charming dancing style features special movements, melodies and tunes, which has beome a peculiar school of the Gorchom circle dance. In 2008, the Manai Gorchom circle dance was listed in the first batch of China’s national intangible cultural heritage.
The Manai Gorchom circle dance is divided into two types: the major and the minor.
The major Gorchom circle dance was established during the Sui Dynasty (581-907 A.D.) and Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.). In certain instances, led by the group leader, the dance performances include grand religious scenes with reverence and worshipping. The dance is performed in a grandiose setting with the rich style of ethnic Tibetan’s ceremonial dance.
The minor Gorchom circle dance is part of the folk entertainment, and it can be done at any time and any place. Men and women dance in a circle with the men dancing in the front and the women in the rear. The lyrics for the minor Gorchom circle dance focuses on the themes of physical labor, life, love, and the beauty of one’s hometown. In many cases, performers make up songs as they sing, with fast-paced tempos and rough actions, which make the dance quite popular amongst the young people.